Next Generation Auto-Identification and Traceability Technologies for Industry 5.0: A Methodology and Practical Use Case for the Shipbuilding Industry

Industry 5.0 follows the steps of 4.0 paradigm and seeks for revolutionizing way industries operate. In fact, focuses on research innovation to support industrial production sustainability place well-being workers at center process. Thus, relies three pillars: it is human-centric, encourages aimed developing resilience against disruptions. Such core aspects cannot be fully achieved without a transparent end-to-end human-centered traceability throughout value chain. As consequence, Auto-Identification (Auto-ID) technologies play key role, since they are able provide automated item recognition, positioning tracking human intervention or in cooperation with operators. Although most popular Auto-ID certain degree security productivity, there still open challenges future factories. This article analyzes evaluates landscape delivers holistic perspective understanding latest technologies, looking solutions that cope harsh, diverse complex scenarios. addition, describes methodology selecting applied specific use case shipbuilding industry requires identifying main components ship during its construction repair. To validate outcomes methodology, practical evaluation passive active UHF RFID tags was performed an Offshore Patrol Vessel (OPV) under construction, showing careful selection enables product identification even areas very high density metallic objects. result, this serves as useful guide stakeholders, including developers managers seek deploying